history of sikkim monarchy system

The origin of Lepchas is shrouded in mystery but it seems that they belonged to the clan of the Nagas of the Mikir, Garo and Khasia hills which lie to the south of the Bramaputra valley. Phuntsog Namgyal, a fifth-generation descendant of Khye Bumsa, was consecrated as the first Chogyal (king who governs with righteousness) at Yoksum in 1642  by three venerated lamas. In Darjeeling the British planted with the help of Nepalese workers the first tea gardens. At that time Sikkim had already solidified into country then with a king known as a Chogyal or dharma king, and till 16 May 1975 was an independent country ruled by the monarchs. Quick to notice the position of Darjeeling as a prospective hill resort and an outpost for trade with Tibet, they forward the proposal to their government. Sikkim was to be a tributary of India, in which Indian controlled its external defence, diplomacy and communication. The intervention by British India following their war with Nepal, and the signing of the Treaty of Titaliya between British India and Sikkim restores some of the Nepalese occupied territory though not all. That indo-Sikkim treaty made Sikkim an Indian … The early history of Sikkim reads like waves of bloody attacks from the ... British colonial system than either Nepal or Bhutan. Death of Sir Tashi Namgyal. Sikkim possesses what has been described as the "single most strategically important piece of real estate in the entire Himalayan 3 Incursions from Bhutan began in 1700, and the first clash between the Namgyal and Shah (Nepal) dynasties occurred … When India became independent in 1947, a popular vote rejected Sikkim's joining the Indian Union, and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru agreed to a special protectorate status for Sikkim. A monarchical system of government existed in Ireland from ancient times until—for what became the Republic of Ireland—the early twentieth century. • Sikkim: Experience permaculture & rural himalayan life in India's organic state. Guru Tashi, a prince of the Kham district in eastern Tibet had a divine vision to go south and seek his fortune in ‘Denzong, the valley of rice’. Time and again the little kingdom had to defend itself against attacks from Nepal. China attacks India. Some believe they came from somewhere … Events of the persecution of the Nyingmapa sect in Tibet lead to their fleeing the country and taking refuge in places like Sikkim and Bhutan. Earliest historical records mention the passage of the Buddhist saint Padmasambhava through Sikkim in the 8th century A.D. Guru Padmasambhava, also known as Guru Rimpoche introduced Buddhism and predicted that a century later the era of monarchy would arrive. The king takes refuge in the Political Officer’s residency and asks to be reinstated to his throne. Treaties signed between British India and Sikkim resulted in the return of some, but not all occupied territory to Sikkim. In order to fend off its arch foe Nepal, the Sikkim monarchy allied with British India. 97.000 Wahlberechtigten für einen Beitritt zur Indischen Union … “Sikkim has a history of good civic behaviour. In 1888 there was a war in Sikkim between British annex Darjeeling district and Morang to British India. Following this, the Bhutias came from Tibet in the 14th century and inhabited parts of the land while the Lepchas continued their peaceful lives centred on their villages. After the war, the ancient pass was shut down it reopened in 6 July 2006. To enable the incorporation of the new state, the Indian Parliament amended the Indian Constitution. Two British physicians, Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker and Dr. Archibald Campbell, the latter being in charge of relations between the British and Sikkimese governments, ventured into the mountains of Sikkim unannounced and unauthorized. 1835 the area of Darjeeling - that had been part of Sikkim until then - was annexed by British India. Sikkim’s history: From buffer state for British to a referendum in favour of India; Sikkim’s history: From buffer state for British to a referendum in favour of India The state of Sikkim was established in 1642, when three Tibetan lamas consecrated Phuntsong Namgyal as the first ruler of Chogyal of Sikkim. Protectorate, and was slowly given more sovereignty over the following 30 years.In 1947, when India became independent, a preferred vote declined. Time and again the little kingdom had to defend itself against attacks from Nepal. In 1975, the Prime Minister of Sikkim appealed to the Indian Parliament for Sikkim to become a state of India. During the 1977 elections, In 1888 there was a war in Sikkim between British annex Darjeeling district and Morang to British India. It was ruled by Chogyals of the Namgyal dynasty . Lhendup Dorji Kazi, a former Sikkim Council member leads a peoples-agitation against the monarchy making demands for a one-man one-vote system. During British rule in neighboring India, Sikkim allied with Britain against their common adversary, Nepal. In Sikkim wurde die konstitutionelle Monarchie eingeführt. Equipped with more pleasant climate than Kolkota, the British make Darjeeling a hill station for their administrators. Sikkim (Nepali: सिक्किम Sikkim, Bhutia: འབྲས་ལྗོངས་ ′Bras Ljongs oder Denjong) ist ein indischer Bundesstaat im südlichen Himalaya zwischen Nepal, China und Bhutan.Mit einer Fläche von 7.096 Quadratkilometern und gut 600.000 Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011) ist Sikkim der flächenmäßig zweitkleinste und der Einwohnerzahl nach kleinste Bundesstaat Indiens. In fact, this trend … The word "monarch" (Late Latin: monarchia) comes from the Ancient Greek word μονάρχης (monárkhēs), derived from μόνος (mónos, "one, single") and ἄρχω (árkhō, "to rule"): compare ἄρχων (árkhōn, "ruler, chief").It referred to a single at least nominally absolute ruler. It was during this period that the largest migration of Nepalese to Sikkim began. Copyright © by [ timesofelection.com ]. Their cultural traits such as dress and family norms show close affinity with the Khasi of Meghalaya, and linguistically, they have a lot in common with the Tangkul Naga of Northern Manipur. A state council was established in 1953 to allow for constitutional government under the Chogyal. On 14 April 1975, a referendum was held, in which Sikkim voted to merge with the Union of India. In 1949, the Indian government installs a Dewan from its side to serve as the state’s chief administrative officer. Chinese officials were in a quandary on this issue, as any protests to India would mean an explicit endorsement of India's governance of Sikkim, which China still recognized as an independent state occupied by India. of 38 than onwards Rule of Monarchy begins in Sikkim. In 1816 these territories were restored to Sikkim by the British in return for its support during the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–16)… The Kazi was elected the Chief Minister, ruling with the aid of cabinet. History of Sikkim : The original inhabitants of Sikkim are the Lepchas. With foreign policy and national defense in the ha… China protested the … The earliest recorded event in the history of Sikkim is the passage of the Buddhist saint (known as Padmasabhavana in Tibet) through the land in the eighth century. It is believed that 'Lepchas' or rong (ravine folk) were the first inhabitants of Sikkim. Darjeeling is leased from the Sikkim Raja for a fee of Rs. The consolidation of Bhutan occurred in 1616 when Ngawanag Namgyal, a lama from western Tibet known as the Zhabdrung Rinpoche, defeated three Tibetan invasions, subjugated rival religious schools, codified the Tsa Yig, an intricate and comprehensive system of law, and established himself as ruler over a system of ecclesiastical and civil administrators. 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum - Wikipedia 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum A referendum on abolishing the monarchy was held in the Kingdom of Sikkim on 14 April 1975. This is "History of Sikkim State - 1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum explained, Indian Polity #UPSC (1)" by Study IQ Education on Vimeo, the home for… Sikkim loses Kalimpong and all territories east of it to Bhutan. History of Sikkim. Sikkim is a beautiful state in the periphery of India. India worried that an unstable Sikkim would invite China to act on its claims that Sikkim was part of Tibet, and therefore part of China. of the Monarchy. Sikkim has a rich past that sings the praise of the past events and kingdoms that ruled in the territory of Sikkim. In 1962, India and the People’s Republic of China went to war. Oxford educated Sidkeong Tulku, the 10th Chogyal ascends to the throne introducing administrative and political reforms but his rule is short-lived. Northern Ireland, as part of the United Kingdom, remains under a monarchical system of government.The Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland ended with the Norman invasion of Ireland, when the kingdom became a fief of the Holy See … It is said that he allowed Khye Bumsa to rule after his death following a covenant of blood brotherhood between them at Kabi Lungchok, on a solemn oath that he would not discriminate his newly acquired Lepcha subjects. INTRODUCTION • History of Sikkim can be divided into three different phases – 1.Establishment of Namgyal dynasty 2.British incursion in Sikkim 3.Democratic Sikkim 3. Sikkim’s ethnic communities and sub-communities have their own language and diverse art, literature, rituals, culture, and dances. Conceding to certain demands of the P.O., Sir Tashi Namgyal’s throne is restored and the 30-day republic annulled. The Act provides that the Legislative Assembly of Sikkim shall consist of not less than thirty two members and that "the Assembly of Sikkim formed as a result of the elections held in Sikkim in April 1974 with 32 members elected in the said elections (hereinafter referred to as … Sikkim was a Buddhist kingdom under the Namgyal-Chogyal dynasty from 1642 to 1975. To maintain parity between the Bhutia-Lepcha minority (25%) and the Nepalese majority (75%), a single Bhutia-Lepcha vote was equivalent to six Nepali votes. April 1975 wurde eine von Indien stark beeinflusste Volksbefragung durchgeführt, bei der sich 60.000 von ca. Yet, it will be quite challenging to sustain its cleanliness drive and also its ODF (open defecation free) status,” says Akshay Rout, an officer on special duty in the Union ministry of drinking water and sanitation and one of the nodal officers in the Central government’s Swachh Bharat mission. Subsequently, the Prime Minister, members of parliament and hundreds of democratic activists were arrested. Political History of Sikkim. Phuntsog Namgyal was succeeded in 1670 by his son, who moved the capital from Yuksom to Rabdentse. The Chogyal who responded to the increased pressure by drinking, was viewed by India as politically dangerous, especially after his wife, the American socialite Hope Cooke published a journal article advocating a return of certain former sikkimese properties. Prime Minister Dorji appealed to the Indian Parliament for representation and change of status to statehood. Matter came to a head in 1975 when the Kazi appealed to the Indian Parliament for representation and change of status to statehood. In 1642 Phuntsog Namgyal, a fifth-generation descendant of  Khye Bumsa is consecrated as the first Chogyal in Yuksam by Rimpoche Lhatsun Chempo, the founder of the Nyingmapa order in Sikkim and two venerated lamas. Bureaucrats planned to bring the monarchy to an end in 1973 and India in turn, increased its influence. Ironically, Thekong Tek himself is without an offspring to inherit his kingdom. But the Nepalese army once again invaded Sikkim and annexed large parts of its territory including the Terai region. The doctors were detained by the Sikkimese government, leading to a punitive British expedition against the kingdom, after which the Darjeeling district and Morang were annexed to British India in 1853. Am 14. Sikkim had twelve kings; Palden Thon… Sikkim came under the suzerainty of India, which controlled its external affairs, defense, diplomacy and communications, but Sikkim otherwise retained administrative autonomy. Sikkim was a Buddhist kingdom under the Namgyal-Chogyal dynasty from 1642 to 1975. Between 1717 and 1733, the kingdom of Sikkim faced many raids by the Nepalese in the west and Bhutanese in the east, culminating with the destruction of the capital Rabdentse by the Nepalese. Thereafter, a referendum was held in which supposedly a majority of voters supported abolishing the monarchy, effectively approving union with India. The old ruler Tashi Namgyal died in 1963 after suffering from cancer. In the 13th century, their chief, Thekong Tek, signed a treaty of blood brotherhood with the Tibetan prince Khye-Bumsa. 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